Estoy jugando con un truco para sobrecargar lambdas en C ++. Específicamente:

// For std::function
#include <functional>

// For std::string
#include <string>

// For std::cout
#include <iostream>

template <class... F>
struct overload : F... {
    overload(F... f) : F(f)... {}
};      

template <class... F>
auto make_overload(F... f) {
    return overload<F...>(f...);
}

int main() {

    std::function <int(int,int)> f = [](int x,int y) {
        return x+y;
    };
    std::function <double(double,double)> g = [](double x,double y) {
        return x+y;
    };
    std::function <std::string(std::string,std::string)> h = [](std::string x,std::string y) {
        return x+y;
    };

    auto fgh = make_overload(f,g,h);
    std::cout << fgh(1,2) << std::endl;
    std::cout << fgh(1.5,2.5) << std::endl;
    std::cout << fgh("bob","larry") << std::endl;
}

Ahora, el programa anterior compila y funciona bien en clang:

$ clang++ -g -std=c++14 test01.cpp -o test01
$ ./test01
3
4
boblarry

No se compila en gcc:

$ g++ -g -std=c++14 test01.cpp -o test01
test01.cpp: In function 'int main()':
test01.cpp:36:25: error: request for member 'operator()' is ambiguous
     std::cout << fgh(1,2) << std::endl;
                         ^
In file included from test01.cpp:5:0:
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/4.9.2/include/g++-v4/functional:2434:5: note: candidates are: _Res std::function<_Res(_ArgTypes ...)>::operator()(_ArgTypes ...) const [with _Res = std::basic_string<char>; _ArgTypes = {std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >}]
     function<_Res(_ArgTypes...)>::
     ^
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/4.9.2/include/g++-v4/functional:2434:5: note:                 _Res std::function<_Res(_ArgTypes ...)>::operator()(_ArgTypes ...) const [with _Res = double; _ArgTypes = {double, double}]
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/4.9.2/include/g++-v4/functional:2434:5: note:                 _Res std::function<_Res(_ArgTypes ...)>::operator()(_ArgTypes ...) const [with _Res = int; _ArgTypes = {int, int}]
test01.cpp:37:29: error: request for member 'operator()' is ambiguous
     std::cout << fgh(1.5,2.5) << std::endl;
                             ^
In file included from test01.cpp:5:0:
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/4.9.2/include/g++-v4/functional:2434:5: note: candidates are: _Res std::function<_Res(_ArgTypes ...)>::operator()(_ArgTypes ...) const [with _Res = std::basic_string<char>; _ArgTypes = {std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >}]
     function<_Res(_ArgTypes...)>::
     ^
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/4.9.2/include/g++-v4/functional:2434:5: note:                 _Res std::function<_Res(_ArgTypes ...)>::operator()(_ArgTypes ...) const [with _Res = double; _ArgTypes = {double, double}]
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/4.9.2/include/g++-v4/functional:2434:5: note:                 _Res std::function<_Res(_ArgTypes ...)>::operator()(_ArgTypes ...) const [with _Res = int; _ArgTypes = {int, int}]
test01.cpp:38:35: error: request for member 'operator()' is ambiguous
     std::cout << fgh("bob","larry") << std::endl;
                                   ^
In file included from test01.cpp:5:0:
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/4.9.2/include/g++-v4/functional:2434:5: note: candidates are: _Res std::function<_Res(_ArgTypes ...)>::operator()(_ArgTypes ...) const [with _Res = std::basic_string<char>; _ArgTypes = {std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >}]
     function<_Res(_ArgTypes...)>::
     ^
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/4.9.2/include/g++-v4/functional:2434:5: note:                 _Res std::function<_Res(_ArgTypes ...)>::operator()(_ArgTypes ...) const [with _Res = double; _ArgTypes = {double, double}]
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/4.9.2/include/g++-v4/functional:2434:5: note:                 _Res std::function<_Res(_ArgTypes ...)>::operator()(_ArgTypes ...) const [with _Res = int; _ArgTypes = {int, int}]
Makefile:2: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 1

¿Por qué hay una diferencia? Para el registro, estoy usando gcc 4.9.2 y clang 3.5.0.

Editar 1

Evidentemente, este fragmento de código no pudo compilarse también en VC y ya había sidoreportado. Dicho esto, Sean Middleditch publicó una versión funcional del código sobrecargado:

template<class F1, class... Fs>
struct overload : F1, overload<Fs...>
{
    using F1::operator();
    using overload<Fs...>::operator();
    overload(F1 f1, Fs... fs) : F1(f1), overload<Fs...>(fs...) {}
};

template<class F1>
struct overload<F1> : F1
{
    using F1::operator();
    overload(F1 f1) : F1(f1) {}
};


template <class... F>
auto make_overload(F... f) {
    return overload<F...>(f...);
}

Todavía estoy interesado en entender por qué funciona esta versión del código lambda sobrecargado, pero el original no.