Es un proyecto web API 2.

Cuando implemento DI usando Ninject, recibí un mensaje de error

Se ha producido un error al intentar crear un controlador de tipo 'TokenController'. Asegúrese de que el controlador tenga un constructor público sin parámetros.

[assembly: OwinStartup(typeof(Web.Startup))]

namespace Web
{
    public partial class Startup
    {
        public void Configuration(IAppBuilder app)
        {
            ConfigureAuth(app);
            ConfigureWebApi(app);
        }
    }
}

public class TokenController : ApiController
{

    private IUserService _userService;

    public TokenController(IUserService userService)
    {
        this._userService = userService;
    }

    [Route("api/Token")]
    public HttpResponseMessage PostToken(UserViewModel model)
    {
        if (_userService.ValidateUser(model.Account, model.Password))
        {
            ClaimsIdentity identity = new ClaimsIdentity(Startup.OAuthBearerOptions.AuthenticationType);
            identity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, model.Account));
            AuthenticationTicket ticket = new AuthenticationTicket(identity, new AuthenticationProperties());
            var currentUtc = new SystemClock().UtcNow;
            ticket.Properties.IssuedUtc = currentUtc;
            ticket.Properties.ExpiresUtc = currentUtc.Add(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30));
            return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.OK)
            {
                Content = new ObjectContent<object>(new
                {
                    UserName = model.Account,
                    AccessToken = Startup.OAuthBearerOptions.AccessTokenFormat.Protect(ticket)
                }, Configuration.Formatters.JsonFormatter)
            };
        }

        return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest);
    }
}

Cuando agrego<add key="owin:AutomaticAppStartup" value="false" /> a web.config

Ninject funciona bien, peroStartup.OAuthBearerOptions.AccessTokenFormat se convierte en nulo

¿Cómo usar el contenedor DI con OWIN?

ACTUALIZAR

Implemente IDependencyResolver y use la resolución de dependencia de WebAPI como se muestra a continuación

public void ConfigureWebApi(IAppBuilder app)
{
    HttpConfiguration config = new HttpConfiguration();

    config.DependencyResolver = new NinjectDependencyResolver(NinjectWebCommon.CreateKernel());

    app.UseWebApi(config);
}

NinjectDependencyResolver

En caso de inyector simple

public void ConfigureWebApi(IAppBuilder app)
{
    HttpConfiguration config = new HttpConfiguration();

    var container = new Container();
    container.Register<IUserService, UserService>();
    config.DependencyResolver = new SimpleInjectorWebApiDependencyResolver(container);

    app.UseWebApi(config);
}

SimpleInjectorWebApiDependencyResolver