Ich verwende Spring Framework-Transaktionsanmerkungen für die Transaktionsverwaltung und habe eine abstrakte Klasse mit Anmerkungen versehen@Transactional wie unten gezeigt:

package org.tts.maqraa.service;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityNotFoundException;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContextType;
import javax.persistence.Query;

import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

/**
 * Parts of this code have been copied from JARVANA site.
 * 
 * @author Younis alomoush
 * 
 */
@Transactional(propagation=Propagation.REQUIRED)
public abstract class AbstractMaqraaService implements MaqraaService {


    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());


    private int defaultMaxResults = DEFAULT_MAX_RESULTS;

    @PersistenceContext(type=PersistenceContextType.TRANSACTION)
    private EntityManager em;
    /**
     * The {@link EntityManager} which is used by all query manipulation and
     * execution in this DAO.
     * 
     * @return the {@link EntityManager}
     */
    public  EntityManager getEntityManager(){

        return em;
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#getTypes()
     */
    public abstract Set<Class<?>> getTypes();

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#store(java.lang.Object)
     */
    @Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED)
    public <T extends Object> T store(T toStore) {
        return getEntityManager().merge(toStore);

    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#remove(java.lang.Object)
     */
    @Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED)
    public void remove(Object toRemove) {
        toRemove = getEntityManager().merge(toRemove);
        getEntityManager().remove(toRemove);
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#flush()
     */
    @Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED)
    public void flush() {
        getEntityManager().flush();
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#refresh(java.lang.Object)
     */
    @Transactional(propagation = Propagation.SUPPORTS)
    public void refresh(Object o) {
        try {
            if (o != null) {
                if (o instanceof java.util.Collection) {
                    for (Iterator<?> i = ((Collection<?>) o).iterator(); i
                            .hasNext();) {
                        try {
                            refresh(i.next());
                        } catch (EntityNotFoundException x) {
                            // This entity has been deleted - remove it from the
                            // collection
                            i.remove();
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    if (getTypes().contains(o.getClass())) {
                        getEntityManager().refresh(o);
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (EntityNotFoundException x) {
            // This entity has been deleted
        }
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#setDefaultMaxResults(int)
     */
    @Transactional(propagation = Propagation.SUPPORTS)
    public void setDefaultMaxResults(int defaultMaxResults) {
        this.defaultMaxResults = defaultMaxResults;
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#getDefaultMaxResults()
     */
    public int getDefaultMaxResults() {
        return defaultMaxResults;
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see
     * org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#executeQueryByNameSingleResult(java
     * .lang.String)
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public <T extends Object> T executeQueryByNameSingleResult(String queryName) {
        return (T) executeQueryByNameSingleResult(queryName, (Object[]) null);
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see
     * org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#executeQueryByNameSingleResult(java
     * .lang.String, java.lang.Object[])
     */

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public <T extends Object> T executeQueryByNameSingleResult(
            String queryName, Object... parameters) {
        Query query = createNamedQuery(queryName, DEFAULT_FIRST_RESULT_INDEX,
                1, parameters);
        return (T) query.getSingleResult();
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see
     * org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#executeQueryByName(java.lang.String)
     */
    public <T extends Object> List<T> executeQueryByName(String queryName) {
        return executeQueryByName(queryName, DEFAULT_FIRST_RESULT_INDEX,
                getDefaultMaxResults());
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see
     * org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#executeQueryByName(java.lang.String,
     * java.lang.Integer, java.lang.Integer)
     */

    public <T extends Object> List<T> executeQueryByName(String queryName,
            Integer firstResult, Integer maxResults) {
        return executeQueryByName(queryName, firstResult, maxResults,
                (Object[]) null);
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see
     * org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#executeQueryByName(java.lang.String,
     * java.lang.Object[])
     */

    public <T extends Object> List<T> executeQueryByName(String queryName,
            Object... parameters) {
        return executeQueryByName(queryName, DEFAULT_FIRST_RESULT_INDEX,
                getDefaultMaxResults(), parameters);
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see
     * org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#executeQueryByName(java.lang.String,
     * java.lang.Integer, java.lang.Integer, java.lang.Object[])
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public <T extends Object> List<T> executeQueryByName(String queryName,
            Integer firstResult, Integer maxResults, Object... parameters) {
        Query query = createNamedQuery(queryName, firstResult, maxResults,
                parameters);
        return query.getResultList();
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#createNamedQuery(java.lang.String,
     * java.lang.Integer, java.lang.Integer)
     */

    public Query createNamedQuery(String queryName, Integer firstResult,
            Integer maxResults) {
        return createNamedQuery(queryName, firstResult, maxResults,
                (Object[]) null);
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#createNamedQuery(java.lang.String,
     * java.lang.Integer, java.lang.Integer, java.lang.Object[])
     */

    public Query createNamedQuery(String queryName, Integer firstResult,
            Integer maxResults, Object... parameters) {
        Query query = getEntityManager().createNamedQuery(queryName);
        if (parameters != null) {
            for (int i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {
                query.setParameter(i + 1, parameters[i]);
            }
        }

        query.setFirstResult(firstResult == null || firstResult < 0 ? DEFAULT_FIRST_RESULT_INDEX
                : firstResult);
        if (maxResults != null && maxResults > 0)
            query.setMaxResults(maxResults);

        return query;
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#executeQuery(java.lang.String,
     * java.lang.Integer, java.lang.Integer, java.lang.Object[])
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public <T extends Object> List<T> executeQuery(String queryString,
            Integer firstResult, Integer maxResults, Object... parameters) {
        Query query = createQuery(queryString, firstResult, maxResults,
                parameters);
        return query.getResultList();
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#executeQuery(java.lang.String,
     * java.lang.Object[])
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public <T extends Object> List<T> executeQuery(String queryString,
            Object... parameters) {
        Query query = createQuery(queryString, DEFAULT_FIRST_RESULT_INDEX,
                getDefaultMaxResults(), parameters);
        return query.getResultList();
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see
     * org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#executeQuerySingleResult(java.lang.
     * String)
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public <T extends Object> T executeQuerySingleResult(String queryString) {
        return (T) executeQuerySingleResult(queryString, (Object[]) null);
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see
     * org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#executeQuerySingleResult(java.lang.
     * String, java.lang.Object[])
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public <T extends Object> T executeQuerySingleResult(String queryString,
            Object... parameters) {
        Query query = createQuery(queryString, DEFAULT_FIRST_RESULT_INDEX, 1,
                parameters);
        return (T) query.getSingleResult();
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#createQuery(java.lang.String,
     * java.lang.Integer, java.lang.Integer)
     */

    public Query createQuery(String queryString, Integer firstResult,
            Integer maxResults) {
        return createQuery(queryString, firstResult, maxResults,
                (Object[]) null);
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#createQuery(java.lang.String,
     * java.lang.Integer, java.lang.Integer, java.lang.Object[])
     */
    public Query createQuery(String queryString, Integer firstResult,
            Integer maxResults, Object... parameters) {
        Query query = getEntityManager().createQuery(queryString);
        if (parameters != null) {
            for (int i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {
                query.setParameter(i + 1, parameters[i]);
            }
        }

        query.setFirstResult(firstResult == null || firstResult < 0 ? DEFAULT_FIRST_RESULT_INDEX
                : firstResult);
        if (maxResults != null && maxResults > 0)
            query.setMaxResults(maxResults);

        return query;
    }

    public final void log(LogLevel logLevel, String message,
            Object... messageParam) {

        switch (logLevel) {
        case TRACE:
            if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {

                logger.trace(message, messageParam);
            }

            break;

        case DEBUG:
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {

                logger.debug(message, messageParam);
            }
            break;

        case INFO:
            if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {

                logger.info(message, messageParam);
            }
            break;

        case WARN:
            if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {

                logger.warn(message, messageParam);
            }
            break;

        case ERROR:
            if (logger.isErrorEnabled()) {

                logger.error(message, messageParam);
            }
            break;

        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Log Level is not defined: "
                    + logLevel);

        }

    }

    public final void log(LogLevel logLevel,  String message, Throwable throwable) {

        switch (logLevel) {
        case TRACE:
            if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {

                logger.trace(message, throwable);
            }

            break;

        case DEBUG:
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {

                logger.debug(message, throwable);
            }
            break;

        case INFO:
            if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {

                logger.info(message, throwable);
            }
            break;

        case WARN:
            if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {

                logger.warn(message, throwable);
            }
            break;

        case ERROR:
            if (logger.isErrorEnabled()) {

                logger.error(message, throwable);
            }
            break;

        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Log Level is not defined: "
                    + logLevel);

        }

    }


    public enum LogLevel{

        TRACE, DEBUG, INFO, WARN, ERROR;

    }
}

Auch ich habe eine andere konkrete Klasse

package org.tts.maqraa.service;

import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import org.tts.maqraa.data.Student;


public class StudentsService extends AbstractMaqraaService {

    @Override
    public Set<Class<?>> getTypes() {
        Set<Class<?>> set = new HashSet<Class<?>>();
        set.add(Student.class);
        return set;
    }

    public Student registerStudent(Student student) {
        Annotation [] annotation = StudentsService.class.getAnnotations();
        System.out.println(annotation);
        return this.store(student);
    }

    public Student editStudent(Student student){
        return this.store(student);
    }

    public void deregisterStudent(Student student){
        this.remove(student);
    }

    public List<Student> findAllStudents(){
        return this.executeQueryByName("Student.findAll");
    }

}

Wenn Sie bemerken, dass der Schüler der Methodenregistrierung bereits Code für die Prüfung der Anmerkungen bereitgestellt hat, wo ich die @ Transactional-Anmerkung wirklich finde.

Das ist ein Widerspruch, wo ich einen anderen Link habe, der über die Vererbung von Anmerkungen spricht und besagt, dass es überhaupt keine Vererbung gibt.

bewerte diesen Link:http://fusionsoft-online.com/articles-java-annotations.php

Kann mir jemand helfen, diesen Widerspruch zu lösen?