Если у меня есть класс с именем Test ::

class Test
{
    static std::vector<int> staticVector;
};

когдаstaticVector построить и когда он разрушается?

Это связано с созданием первого объекта класса Test или с обычными статическими переменными?

Just to clarify, this question came to my mind after reading Concepts of Programming Languages (Sebesta Ch-5.4.3.1) and it says ::

Note that when the static modifier appears in the declaration of a variable in a class definition in C++, Java and C#, it has nothing to do with the lifetime of the variable. In that context, it means the variable is a class variable, rather than an instance variable. The multiple use of a reserved word can be confusing particularly to those learning the language.

did you understand? :(