Eu tenho essa mônada chamada Desync -

[<AutoOpen>]
module DesyncModule =

    /// The Desync monad. Allows the user to define in a sequential style an operation that spans
    /// across a bounded number of events. Span is bounded because I've yet to figure out how to
    /// make Desync implementation tail-recursive (see note about unbounded recursion in bind). And
    /// frankly, I'm not sure if there is a tail-recursive implementation of it...
    type [<NoComparison; NoEquality>] Desync<'e, 's, 'a> =
        Desync of ('s -> 's * Either<'e -> Desync<'e, 's, 'a>, 'a>)

    /// Monadic return for the Desync monad.
    let internal returnM (a : 'a) : Desync<'e, 's, 'a> =
        Desync (fun s -> (s, Right a))

    /// Monadic bind for the Desync monad.
    let rec internal bind (m : Desync<'e, 's, 'a>) (cont : 'a -> Desync<'e, 's, 'b>) : Desync<'e, 's, 'b> =
        Desync (fun s ->
            match (match m with Desync f -> f s) with
            //                              ^--- NOTE: unbounded recursion here
            | (s', Left m') -> (s', Left (fun e -> bind (m' e) cont))
            | (s', Right v) -> match cont v with Desync f -> f s')

    /// Builds the Desync monad.
    type DesyncBuilder () =
        member this.Return op = returnM op
        member this.Bind (m, cont) = bind m cont

    /// The Desync builder.
    let desync = DesyncBuilder ()

Ele permite que a implementação da lógica do jogo, executada em vários ticks do jogo, seja escrita em um estilo aparentemente seqüencial usando expressões de computação.

Infelizmente, quando usado para tarefas que duram um número ilimitado de ticks de jogos, ele falha com o StackOverflowException. E mesmo quando não está travando, está acabando com rastreamentos de pilha difíceis como este -

InfinityRpg.exe!InfinityRpg.GameplayDispatcherModule.desync@525-20.Invoke(Nu.SimulationModule.Event<Prime.EitherModule.Either<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>,Nu.SimulationModule.Screen> _arg10) Line 530   F#
Prime.exe!Prime.DesyncModule.bind@20<Nu.SimulationModule.Event<Prime.EitherModule.Either<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>,Nu.SimulationModule.Screen>,Nu.SimulationModule.World,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Nu.SimulationModule.Event<Prime.EitherModule.Either<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>,Nu.SimulationModule.Screen>>.Invoke(Nu.SimulationModule.World s) Line 24    F#
Prime.exe!Prime.DesyncModule.bind@20<Nu.SimulationModule.Event<Prime.EitherModule.Either<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>,Nu.SimulationModule.Screen>,Nu.SimulationModule.World,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>.Invoke(Nu.SimulationModule.World s) Line 21    F#
Prime.exe!Prime.DesyncModule.bind@20<Nu.SimulationModule.Event<Prime.EitherModule.Either<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>,Nu.Simulat,ionModule.Screen>,Nu.SimulationModule.World,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>.Invoke(Nu.SimulationModule.World s) Line 21    F#
Prime.exe!Prime.DesyncModule.bind@20<Nu.SimulationModule.Event<Prime.EitherModule.Either<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>,Nu.SimulationModule.Screen>,Nu.SimulationModule.World,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>.Invoke(Nu.SimulationModule.World s) Line 21    F#
Prime.exe!Prime.DesyncModule.bind@20<Nu.SimulationModule.Event<Prime.EitherModule.Either<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>,Nu.SimulationModule.Screen>,Nu.SimulationModule.World,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>.Invoke(Nu.SimulationModule.World s) Line 21    F#
Prime.exe!Prime.DesyncModule.bind@20<Nu.SimulationModule.Event<Prime.EitherModule.Either<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>,Nu.SimulationModule.Screen>,Nu.SimulationModule.World,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>.Invoke(Nu.SimulationModule.World s) Line 21    F#
Prime.exe!Prime.DesyncModule.bind@20<Nu.SimulationModule.Event<Prime.EitherModule.Either<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>,Nu.SimulationModule.Screen>,Nu.SimulationModule.World,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>.Invoke(Nu.SimulationModule.World s) Line 21    F#
Prime.exe!Prime.DesyncModule.bind@20<Nu.SimulationModule.Event<Prime.EitherModule.Either<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>,Nu.SimulationModule.Screen>,Nu.SimulationModule.World,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>.Invoke(Nu.SimulationModule.World s) Line 21    F#
Prime.exe!Prime.Desync.step<Nu.SimulationModule.Event<Prime.EitherModule.Either<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>,Nu.SimulationModule.Screen>,Nu.SimulationModule.World,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>(Prime.DesyncModule.Desync<Nu.SimulationModule.Event<Prime.EitherModule.Either<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>,Nu.SimulationModule.Screen>,Nu.SimulationModule.World,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit> m, Nu.SimulationModule.World s) Line 71 F#
Prime.exe!Prime.Desync.advanceDesync<Nu.SimulationModule.Event<Prime.EitherModule.Either<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>,Nu.SimulationModule.Screen>,Nu.SimulationModule.World,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>(Microsoft.FSharp.Core.FSharpFunc<Nu.SimulationModule.Event<Prime.EitherModule.Either<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>,Nu.SimulationModule.Screen>,Prime.DesyncModule.Desync<Nu.SimulationModule.Event<Prime.EitherModule.Either<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>,Nu.SimulationModule.Screen>,Nu.SimulationModule.World,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>> m, Nu.SimulationModule.Event<Prime.EitherModule.Either<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>,Nu.SimulationModule.Screen> e, Nu.SimulationModule.World s) Line 75 F#
Nu.exe!Nu.Desync.advance@98<Prime.EitherModule.Either<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>,Nu.SimulationModule.Screen>.Invoke(Nu.SimulationModule.Event<Prime.EitherModule.Either<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>,Nu.SimulationModule.Screen> event, Nu.SimulationModule.World world) Line 100 F#
Nu.exe!Nu.Desync.subscription@104-16<Prime.EitherModule.Either<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>,Nu.SimulationModule.Screen>.Invoke(Nu.SimulationModule.Event<Prime.EitherModule.Either<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>,Nu.SimulationModule.Screen> event, Nu.SimulationModule.World world) Line 105    F#
Nu.exe!Nu.World.boxableSubscription@165<Prime.EitherModule.Either<Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit,Microsoft.FSharp.Core.Unit>,Nu.SimulationModule.Screen>.Invoke(object event, Nu.SimulationModule.World world) Line 166 F#

Espero resolver o problema, tornando o caso esquerdo da função de ligação recursivo da cauda. No entanto, não tenho certeza de duas coisas -

1) se é que pode ser feito, e 2) como seria realmente feito.

Se é impossível tornar a cauda do recursivo de ligação aqui, há alguma maneira de reestruturar minha mônada para permitir que ela se torne recursiva da cauda?

EDIT 3 (retoma edições anteriores): Aqui está um código adicional que implementa os combinadores de dessincronização que usarei para demonstrar o estouro da pilha -

module Desync =

    /// Get the state.
    let get : Desync<'e, 's, 's> =
        Desync (fun s -> (s, Right s))

    /// Set the state.
    let set s : Desync<'e, 's, unit> =
        Desync (fun _ -> (s, Right ()))

    /// Loop in a desynchronous context while 'pred' evaluate to true.
    let rec loop (i : 'i) (next : 'i -> 'i) (pred : 'i -> 's -> bool) (m : 'i -> Desync<'e, 's, unit>) =
        desync {
            let! s = get
            do! if pred i s then
                    desync {
                        do! m i
                        let i = next i
                        do! loop i next pred m }
                else returnM () }

    /// Loop in a desynchronous context while 'pred' evaluates to true.
    let during (pred : 's -> bool) (m : Desync<'e, 's, unit>) =
        loop () id (fun _ -> pred) (fun _ -> m)

    /// Step once into a desync.
    let step (m : Desync<'e, 's, 'a>) (s : 's) : 's * Either<'e -> Desync<'e, 's, 'a>, 'a> =
    match m with Desync f -> f s

    /// Run a desync to its end, providing e for all its steps.
    let rec runDesync (m : Desync<'e, 's, 'a>) (e : 'e) (s : 's) : ('s * 'a) =
        match step m s with
        | (s', Left m') -> runDesync (m' e) e s'
        | (s', Right v) -> (s', v)

Aqui está a implementação Ou -

[<AutoOpen>]
module EitherModule =

    /// Haskell-style Either type.
    type Either<'l, 'r> =
        | Right of 'r
        | Left of 'l

E, finalmente, aqui está simples uma linha de código que produzirá um estouro de pilha -

open Desync
ignore <| runDesync (desync { do! during (fun _ -> true) (returnM ()) }) () ()