Injeção de dependência no Struts2 Acessando beans com escopo de sessão

Recentemente eu precisei usar DI no Struts2. Eu sei que ele usa sua própria implementação de DI como Guice, mas não Guice, até onde eu não consegui encontrar algumas anotações adequadas para definir o escopo para beans injetados. Para ser curto, eu criei um bean

//@Repository
//@Scope("session")
public class Session {

    private Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();

    public Map<String, Object> getMap() {
        return map;
    }

    public void setMap(Map<String, Object> map) {
        this.map = map;
    }
}

Eu comentei as anotações usadas com o Spring beans. Eu fui criado com sucesso o mesmo bean através da mola DI e definir o escopo em que meus objetos foram injetados. Agora, quero fazer o mesmo com o Struts2 e o DI. Para isso, criei a definição do bean emstruts.xml

<bean name="session" class="jspbean.struts.Session" scope="session"/>

e ação simples para obter esse bean criado e injetado em minha ação

public class DefaultAction extends ActionSupport {

    private Session session;

    //  @Autowired
    @Inject("session")
    public void setSession(Session session) {
        this.session = session;
    }

    public Session getSession() {
        return session;
    }

    private Map<String, String> myMap = new HashMap<String, String>();

    public Map<String, String> getMyMap() {
        return myMap;
    }

    public void setMyMap(Map<String, String> myMap) {
        this.myMap = myMap;
    }

    @Override
    public String execute() throws Exception {
        //populate my bean with sample data
        myMap.put("q1", "Question1");
        myMap.put("q2", "Question2");
        session.getMap().put("myMap", myMap);
        return SUCCESS;
    }
}

na JSP eu uso o iterador simples sobre o bean de sessão

<s:iterator value="session.map['myMap']">
  <s:textfield name="myMap['%{key}']" value="%{value}" theme="simple" size="10" /><br>
</s:iterator>

Agora, quando eu estou executando este aplicativo smple eu tenho a exceção

Stacktraces
Unable to instantiate Action, jspbean.struts.DefaultAction, defined for '' in namespace '/'java.lang.IllegalStateException: Scope strategy not set. Please call Container.setScopeStrategy().

    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.createAction(DefaultActionInvocation.java:316)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.init(DefaultActionInvocation.java:397)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionProxy.prepare(DefaultActionProxy.java:194)
    org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxy.prepare(StrutsActionProxy.java:63)
    org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxyFactory.createActionProxy(StrutsActionProxyFactory.java:39)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionProxyFactory.createActionProxy(DefaultActionProxyFactory.java:58)
    org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.serviceAction(Dispatcher.java:536)
    org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.ExecuteOperations.executeAction(ExecuteOperations.java:77)
    org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.doFilter(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:91)
    org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243)
    org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
    org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:222)
    org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:123)
    org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:472)
    org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:171)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:99)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:936)
    org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:407)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1004)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:589)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:312)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
    java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)


java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Scope strategy not set. Please call Container.setScopeStrategy().

    com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl$MethodInjector.inject(ContainerImpl.java:301)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl.inject(ContainerImpl.java:492)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl$6.call(ContainerImpl.java:530)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl$6.call(ContainerImpl.java:528)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl.callInContext(ContainerImpl.java:584)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl.inject(ContainerImpl.java:528)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory.injectInternalBeans(ObjectFactory.java:139)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.spring.SpringObjectFactory.autoWireBean(SpringObjectFactory.java:208)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.spring.SpringObjectFactory.buildBean(SpringObjectFactory.java:183)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.spring.SpringObjectFactory.buildBean(SpringObjectFactory.java:154)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory.buildBean(ObjectFactory.java:151)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory.buildAction(ObjectFactory.java:121)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.createAction(DefaultActionInvocation.java:297)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.init(DefaultActionInvocation.java:397)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionProxy.prepare(DefaultActionProxy.java:194)
    org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxy.prepare(StrutsActionProxy.java:63)
    org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxyFactory.createActionProxy(StrutsActionProxyFactory.java:39)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionProxyFactory.createActionProxy(DefaultActionProxyFactory.java:58)
    org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.serviceAction(Dispatcher.java:536)
    org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.ExecuteOperations.executeAction(ExecuteOperations.java:77)
    org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.doFilter(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:91)
    org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243)
    org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
    org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:222)
    org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:123)
    org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:472)
    org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:171)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:99)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:936)
    org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:407)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1004)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:589)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:312)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
    java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)


java.lang.IllegalStateException: Scope strategy not set. Please call Container.setScopeStrategy().

    com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.InternalContext.getScopeStrategy(InternalContext.java:53)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ScopeA exceção diz que preciso definir a estratégia do escopo. Então, minha pergunta é qual é essa estratégia de escopo e como ela pode ser implementada no meu aplicativo simples. Além disso, há anotação1.create(Scope.java:130)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl$ParameterInjector.inject(ContainerImpl.java:469)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl.getParameters(ContainerImpl.java:484)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl.access$000(ContainerImpl.java:34)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl$MethodInjector.inject(ContainerImpl.java:299)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl.inject(ContainerImpl.java:492)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl$6.call(ContainerImpl.java:530)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl$6.call(ContainerImpl.java:528)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl.callInContext(ContainerImpl.java:584)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl.inject(ContainerImpl.java:528)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory.injectInternalBeans(ObjectFactory.java:139)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.spring.SpringObjectFactory.autoWireBean(SpringObjectFactory.java:208)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.spring.SpringObjectFactory.buildBean(SpringObjectFactory.java:183)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.spring.SpringObjectFactory.buildBean(SpringObjectFactory.java:154)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory.buildBean(ObjectFactory.java:151)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory.buildAction(ObjectFactory.java:121)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.createAction(DefaultActionInvocation.java:297)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.init(DefaultActionInvocation.java:397)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionProxy.prepare(DefaultActionProxy.java:194)
    org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxy.prepare(StrutsActionProxy.java:63)
    org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxyFactory.createActionProxy(StrutsActionProxyFactory.java:39)
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionProxyFactory.createActionProxy(DefaultActionProxyFactory.java:58)
    org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.serviceAction(Dispatcher.java:536)
    org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.ExecuteOperations.executeAction(ExecuteOperations.java:77)
    org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.doFilter(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:91)
    org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243)
    org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
    org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:222)
    org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:123)
    org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:472)
    org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:171)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:99)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:936)
    org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:407)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1004)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:589)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:312)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
    java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)

A exceção diz que preciso definir a estratégia do escopo. Então, minha pergunta é qual é essa estratégia de escopo e como ela pode ser implementada no meu aplicativo simples. Além disso, há anotação@Scoped, como essas anotações se aplicam no meu caso?

Minhas referências de exemplo:

configuração de bean

questionAnswers(2)

yourAnswerToTheQuestion