Visualize uma câmera no DirectShow e capture uma imagem estática - em VB.net
Eu estou tentando escrever um programa no Visual Studio 2008 que irá acessar uma webcam, mostrar uma visualização na tela e, em seguida, salve um instantâneo (.jpg) quando o botão é pressionado. Mais tarde, vou integrá-lo a um banco de dados, mas não devo ter problemas com essa parte. Depois de fazer algumas pesquisas, parece que o DirectShow é a melhor aposta, porque o WIA não funcionou na câmera que eu tinha (e não tenho certeza se continuará trabalhando no futuro). De preferência, preciso que minha solução funcione do Windows XP para o Windows 7. Nunca usei o DirectShow (ou semelhante) antes. Um problema que estou encontrando é que a maior parte do código está escrita em C #, algo que nunca aprendi. Eu encontrei uma biblioteca DirectShow.Net que também usa vb.net, de modo que é útil, mas ainda estou tendo problemas. O código a seguir é retirado das amostras na biblioteca e funciona, mas eu quero alterá-lo um pouco e não consigo fazê-lo funcionar. O código agora salva a captura da câmera em um arquivo. Eu posso remover a linha "capGraph.SetOutputFileName", o vídeo será lançado em sua própria janela, mas não sei como controlar isso. Basicamente, gostaria de saber como fazer duas coisas:
Como faço para que o DirectShow seja exibido em um controle em um formulário que eu especifique (picturebox?)?Posso então obter um instantâneo desse vídeo quando o usuário clica em um botão (ele pode pausar o vídeo ou qualquer outra coisa, porque nesse ponto não preciso que a visualização seja retomada, pelo menos não por alguns segundos).Muito obrigado, e me desculpe se algumas coisas não estão bem escritas. Eu sou autodidata, e tenho feito muito em vba e php, mas isso é um pouco além da minha experiência.
'****************************************************************************
'While the underlying libraries are covered by LGPL, this sample is released
'as public domain. It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
'WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
'or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
'*****************************************************************************/
Imports System
Imports System.Drawing
Imports System.Drawing.Imaging
Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices
Imports System.Diagnostics
Imports DirectShowLib
Public Class Capture
Implements ISampleGrabberCB
Implements IDisposable
#Region "Member variables"
' <summary> graph builder interface. </summary>
Private m_graphBuilder As IFilterGraph2 = Nothing
Private m_mediaCtrl As IMediaControl = Nothing
' <summary> Set by async routine when it captures an image </summary>
Private m_bRunning As Boolean = False
' <summary> Dimensions of the image, calculated once in constructor. </summary>
Private m_videoWidth As Integer
Private m_videoHeight As Integer
Private m_stride As Integer
Private m_bmdLogo As BitmapData = Nothing
Private m_Bitmap As Bitmap = Nothing
#If Debug Then
' Allow you to "Connect to remote graph" from GraphEdit
Private m_rot As DsROTEntry = Nothing
#End If
#End Region
#Region "API"
Declare Sub CopyMemory Lib "Kernel32.dll" Alias "RtlMoveMemory" (ByVal Destination As IntPtr, ByVal Source As IntPtr, <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)> ByVal Length As Integer)
#End Region
' zero based device index, and some device parms, plus the file name to save to
Public Sub New(ByVal iDeviceNum As Integer, ByVal iFrameRate As Integer, ByVal iWidth As Integer, ByVal iHeight As Integer, ByVal FileName As String)
Dim capDevices As DsDevice()
' Get the collection of video devices
capDevices = DsDevice.GetDevicesOfCat(FilterCategory.VideoInputDevice)
If (iDeviceNum + 1 > capDevices.Length) Then
Throw New Exception("No video capture devices found at that index!")
End If
Dim dev As DsDevice = capDevices(iDeviceNum)
Try
' Set up the capture graph
SetupGraph(dev, iFrameRate, iWidth, iHeight, FileName)
Catch
Dispose()
Throw
End Try
End Sub
' <summary> release everything. </summary>
Public Sub Dispose() Implements IDisposable.Dispose
CloseInterfaces()
If (Not m_Bitmap Is Nothing) Then
m_Bitmap.UnlockBits(m_bmdLogo)
m_Bitmap = Nothing
m_bmdLogo = Nothing
End If
End Sub
Protected Overloads Overrides Sub finalize()
CloseInterfaces()
End Sub
' <summary> capture the next image </summary>
Public Sub Start()
If (m_bRunning = False) Then
Dim hr As Integer = m_mediaCtrl.Run()
DsError.ThrowExceptionForHR(hr)
m_bRunning = True
End If
End Sub
' Pause the capture graph.
' Running the graph takes up a lot of resources. Pause it when it
' isn't needed.
Public Sub Pause()
If (m_bRunning) Then
Dim hr As Integer = m_mediaCtrl.Pause()
DsError.ThrowExceptionForHR(hr)
m_bRunning = False
End If
End Sub
' <summary> Specify the logo file to write onto each frame </summary>
Public Sub SetLogo(ByVal fileName As String)
SyncLock Me
If (fileName.Length > 0) Then
m_Bitmap = New Bitmap(fileName)
Dim r As Rectangle = New Rectangle(0, 0, m_Bitmap.Width, m_Bitmap.Height)
m_bmdLogo = m_Bitmap.LockBits(r, ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb)
Else
If Not m_Bitmap Is Nothing Then
m_Bitmap.UnlockBits(m_bmdLogo)
m_Bitmap = Nothing
m_bmdLogo = Nothing
End If
End If
End SyncLock
End Sub
' <summary> build the capture graph for grabber. </summary>
Private Sub SetupGraph(ByVal dev As DsDevice, ByVal iFrameRate As Integer, ByVal iWidth As Integer, ByVal iHeight As Integer, ByVal FileName As String)
Dim hr As Integer
Dim sampGrabber As ISampleGrabber = Nothing
Dim baseGrabFlt As IBaseFilter = Nothing
Dim capFilter As IBaseFilter = Nothing
Dim muxFilter As IBaseFilter = Nothing
Dim fileWriterFilter As IFileSinkFilter = Nothing
Dim capGraph As ICaptureGraphBuilder2 = Nothing
' Get the graphbuilder object
m_graphBuilder = DirectCast(New FilterGraph(), IFilterGraph2)
m_mediaCtrl = DirectCast(m_graphBuilder, IMediaControl)
#If Debug Then
m_rot = New DsROTEntry(m_graphBuilder)
#End If
Try
' Get the ICaptureGraphBuilder2
capGraph = DirectCast(New CaptureGraphBuilder2(), ICaptureGraphBuilder2)
' Get the SampleGrabber interface
sampGrabber = DirectCast(New SampleGrabber(), ISampleGrabber)
' Start building the graph
hr = capGraph.SetFiltergraph(DirectCast(m_graphBuilder, IGraphBuilder))
DsError.ThrowExceptionForHR(hr)
' Add the video device
hr = m_graphBuilder.AddSourceFilterForMoniker(dev.Mon, Nothing, dev.Name, capFilter)
DsError.ThrowExceptionForHR(hr)
baseGrabFlt = DirectCast(sampGrabber, IBaseFilter)
ConfigureSampleGrabber(sampGrabber)
' Add the frame grabber to the graph
hr = m_graphBuilder.AddFilter(baseGrabFlt, "Ds.NET Grabber")
DsError.ThrowExceptionForHR(hr)
' If any of the default config items are set
If (iFrameRate + iHeight + iWidth > 0) Then
SetConfigParms(capGraph, capFilter, iFrameRate, iWidth, iHeight)
End If
hr = capGraph.SetOutputFileName(MediaSubType.Avi, FileName, muxFilter, fileWriterFilter)
DsError.ThrowExceptionForHR(hr)
hr = capGraph.RenderStream(PinCategory.Capture, MediaType.Video, capFilter, baseGrabFlt, muxFilter)
DsError.ThrowExceptionForHR(hr)
SaveSizeInfo(sampGrabber)
Finally
If (Not fileWriterFilter Is Nothing) Then
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(fileWriterFilter)
fileWriterFilter = Nothing
End If
If (Not muxFilter Is Nothing) Then
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(muxFilter)
muxFilter = Nothing
End If
If (Not capFilter Is Nothing) Then
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(capFilter)
capFilter = Nothing
End If
If (Not sampGrabber Is Nothing) Then
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(sampGrabber)
sampGrabber = Nothing
End If
End Try
End Sub
' <summary> Read and store the properties </summary>
Private Sub SaveSizeInfo(ByVal sampGrabber As ISampleGrabber)
Dim hr As Integer
' Get the media type from the SampleGrabber
Dim media As AMMediaType = New AMMediaType()
hr = sampGrabber.GetConnectedMediaType(media)
DsError.ThrowExceptionForHR(hr)
If (Not (media.formatType.Equals(FormatType.VideoInfo)) AndAlso Not (media.formatPtr.Equals(IntPtr.Zero))) Then
Throw New NotSupportedException("Unknown Grabber Media Format")
End If
' Grab the size info
Dim vInfoHeader As VideoInfoHeader = New VideoInfoHeader()
Marshal.PtrToStructure(media.formatPtr, vInfoHeader)
m_videoWidth = vInfoHeader.BmiHeader.Width
m_videoHeight = vInfoHeader.BmiHeader.Height
m_stride = m_videoWidth * (vInfoHeader.BmiHeader.BitCount / 8)
DsUtils.FreeAMMediaType(media)
media = Nothing
End Sub
' <summary> Set the options on the sample grabber </summary>
Private Sub ConfigureSampleGrabber(ByVal sampGrabber As ISampleGrabber)
Dim hr As Integer
Dim media As AMMediaType = New AMMediaType()
media.majorType = MediaType.Video
media.subType = MediaSubType.RGB24
media.formatType = FormatType.VideoInfo
hr = sampGrabber.SetMediaType(media)
DsError.ThrowExceptionForHR(hr)
DsUtils.FreeAMMediaType(media)
media = Nothing
' Configure the samplegrabber callback
hr = sampGrabber.SetCallback(Me, 0)
DsError.ThrowExceptionForHR(hr)
End Sub
' Set the Framerate, and video size
Private Sub SetConfigParms(ByVal capGraph As ICaptureGraphBuilder2, ByVal capFilter As IBaseFilter, ByVal iFrameRate As Integer, ByVal iWidth As Integer, ByVal iHeight As Integer)
Dim hr As Integer
Dim o As Object = Nothing
Dim media As AMMediaType = Nothing
Dim videoStreamConfig As IAMStreamConfig
Dim videoControl As IAMVideoControl = DirectCast(capFilter, IAMVideoControl)
' Find the stream config interface
hr = capGraph.FindInterface(PinCategory.Capture, MediaType.Video, capFilter, GetType(IAMStreamConfig).GUID, o)
videoStreamConfig = DirectCast(o, IAMStreamConfig)
Try
If (videoStreamConfig Is Nothing) Then
Throw New Exception("Failed to get IAMStreamConfig")
End If
' Get the existing format block
hr = videoStreamConfig.GetFormat(media)
DsError.ThrowExceptionForHR(hr)
' copy out the videoinfoheader
Dim v As VideoInfoHeader = New VideoInfoHeader()
Marshal.PtrToStructure(media.formatPtr, v)
' if overriding the framerate, set the frame rate
If (iFrameRate > 0) Then
v.AvgTimePerFrame = 10000000 / iFrameRate
End If
' if overriding the width, set the width
If (iWidth > 0) Then
v.BmiHeader.Width = iWidth
End If
' if overriding the Height, set the Height
If (iHeight > 0) Then
v.BmiHeader.Height = iHeight
End If
' Copy the media structure back
Marshal.StructureToPtr(v, media.formatPtr, False)
' Set the new format
hr = videoStreamConfig.SetFormat(media)
DsError.ThrowExceptionForHR(hr)
DsUtils.FreeAMMediaType(media)
media = Nothing
' Fix upsidedown video
If (Not videoControl Is Nothing) Then
Dim pCapsFlags As VideoControlFlags
Dim pPin As IPin = DsFindPin.ByCategory(capFilter, PinCategory.Capture, 0)
hr = videoControl.GetCaps(pPin, pCapsFlags)
DsError.ThrowExceptionForHR(hr)
If ((pCapsFlags & VideoControlFlags.FlipVertical) > 0) Then
hr = videoControl.GetMode(pPin, pCapsFlags)
DsError.ThrowExceptionForHR(hr)
hr = videoControl.SetMode(pPin, 0)
End If
End If
Finally
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(videoStreamConfig)
End Try
End Sub
' <summary> Shut down capture </summary>
Private Sub CloseInterfaces()
Dim hr As Integer
Try
If (Not m_mediaCtrl Is Nothing) Then
' Stop the graph
hr = m_mediaCtrl.Stop()
m_mediaCtrl = Nothing
m_bRunning = False
End If
Catch ex As Exception
Debug.WriteLine(ex)
End Try
#If Debug Then
If (Not m_rot Is Nothing) Then
m_rot.Dispose()
m_rot = Nothing
End If
#End If
If (Not m_graphBuilder Is Nothing) Then
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(m_graphBuilder)
m_graphBuilder = Nothing
End If
GC.Collect()
End Sub
' <summary> sample callback, Originally not used - call this with integer 0 on the setcallback method </summary>
Function SampleCB(ByVal SampleTime As Double, ByVal pSample As IMediaSample) As Integer Implements ISampleGrabberCB.SampleCB
myTest = "In SampleCB"
Dim i As Integer=0
Dim hr As Integer
'jk added this code 10-22-13
if IsDBNull(pSample) =True then return -1
dim myLen As Integer = pSample.GetActualDataLength()
dim pbuf As IntPtr
if pSample.GetPointer(pbuf) = 0 AND mylen > 0 then
dim buf As byte()= new byte(myLen) {}
Marshal.Copy(pbuf, buf, 0, myLen)
for i = 0 to myLen-1 step 2
buf(i) = (255 - buf(i))
Next i
Dim g_RowSizeBytes As Integer
Dim g_PixBytes() As Byte
Dim bm As Bitmap = Nothing
Dim m_BitmapData As BitmapData = Nothing
Dim bounds As Rectangle = New Rectangle(0, 0, m_videoWidth, m_videoHeight)
mytest = "Execution point #2"
m_BitmapData = bm.LockBits(bounds, Imaging.ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, Imaging.PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb)
mytest = "Execution point #4"
g_RowSizeBytes = m_BitmapData.Stride
mytest = "Execution point #5"
' Allocate room for the data.
Dim total_size As Integer = m_BitmapData.Stride * m_BitmapData.Height
ReDim g_PixBytes(total_size)
mytest = "Execution point #10"
'this writes the modified data
Marshal.Copy(buf, 0, m_BitmapData.Scan0, mylen)
' Unlock the bitmap.
bm.UnlockBits(m_BitmapData)
' Release resources.
g_PixBytes = Nothing
m_BitmapData = Nothing
End If
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(pSample)
Return 0
End Function
' <summary> buffer callback, COULD BE FROM FOREIGN THREAD. </summary>
Function BufferCB(ByVal SampleTime As Double, ByVal pBuffer As IntPtr, ByVal BufferLen As Integer) As Integer Implements ISampleGrabberCB.BufferCB
SyncLock Me
If (Not m_bmdLogo Is Nothing) Then
Dim ipSource As IntPtr = m_bmdLogo.Scan0
Dim ipDest As IntPtr = pBuffer
Dim x As Integer
For x = 0 To m_bmdLogo.Height - 1
CopyMemory(ipDest, ipSource, m_bmdLogo.Stride)
ipDest = New IntPtr(ipDest.ToInt32() + m_stride)
ipSource = New IntPtr(ipSource.ToInt32() + m_bmdLogo.Stride)
Next x
End If
End SyncLock
Return 0
End Function
End Class