¿Por qué el escaneo de componentes no funciona para las pruebas unitarias Spring Boot?
La clase de servicioFooServiceImpl
está anotado con@Servicio tambien conocido como@Component
lo que lo hace elegible para autowiring. ¿Por qué esta clase no se recoge y se conecta automáticamente durante las pruebas unitarias?
@Service
public class FooServiceImpl implements FooService {
@Override
public String reverse(String bar) {
return new StringBuilder(bar).reverse().toString();
}
}
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
//@SpringBootTest
public class FooServiceTest {
@Autowired
private FooService fooService;
@Test
public void reverseStringShouldReverseAnyString() {
String reverse = fooService.reverse("hello");
assertThat(reverse).isEqualTo("olleh");
}
}
La prueba no pudo cargar el contexto de la aplicación,
2018-02-08T10:58:42,385 INFO Neither @ContextConfiguration nor @ContextHierarchy found for test class [io.github.thenilesh.service.impl.FooServiceTest], using DelegatingSmartContextLoader
2018-02-08T10:58:42,393 INFO Could not detect default resource locations for test class [io.github.thenilesh.service.impl.FooServiceTest]: no resource found for suffixes {-context.xml}.
2018-02-08T10:58:42,394 INFO Could not detect default configuration classes for test class [io.github.thenilesh.service.impl.FooServiceTest]: FooServiceTest does not declare any static, non-private, non-final, nested classes annotated with @Configuration.
2018-02-08T10:58:42,432 INFO Loaded default TestExecutionListener class names from location [META-INF/spring.factories]: [org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockitoTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.ResetMocksTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.restdocs.RestDocsTestExecutionListener, (...)org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.test.context.jdbc.SqlScriptsTestExecutionListener]
2018-02-08T10:58:42,448 INFO Using TestExecutionListeners: [org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener@f0ea28, org.springframework.test.context.support.DirtiesContextBeforeModesTestExecutionListener@16efaab,(...)org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.MockMvcPrintOnlyOnFailureTestExecutionListener@9604d9]
2018-02-08T10:58:42,521 INFO Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext@173f9fc: startup date [Thu Feb 08 10:58:42 IST 2018]; root of context hierarchy
2018-02-08T10:58:42,606 INFO JSR-330 'javax.inject.Inject' annotation found and supported for autowiring
2018-02-08T10:58:42,666 ERROR Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@19aaa5] to prepare test instance [io.github.thenilesh.service.impl.FooServiceTest@57f43]
org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'io.github.thenilesh.service.impl.FooServiceTest': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'fooService'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'io.github.thenilesh.service.FooService' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:588) ~[spring-beans-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar:4.3.13.RELEASE]
. . .
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192) [.cp/:?]
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'io.github.thenilesh.service.FooService' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1493) ~[spring-beans-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar:4.3.13.RELEASE]
... 28 more
2018-02-08T10:58:42,698 INFO Closing org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext@173f9fc: startup date [Thu Feb 08 10:58:42 IST 2018]; root of context hierarchy
Si la clase de prueba se anota con@SpringBootTest luego crea todo el contexto de la aplicación, incluida la conexión a la base de datos y muchos beans no relacionados que obviamente no son necesarios para esta prueba unitaria (no seráunidad prueba entonces!). Lo que se espera es que solo frijoles en los queFooService
depende debe ser instanciado, excepto los que se burlan, con@MockBean
.