У меня есть приложение Django 1.4 на сервере Centos 6.2 (под управлением apache, mysql, php), использующее mod_wsgi с моим проектом, развернутым в виртуальной среде. Само приложение является тем, которое я использовал в течение нескольких лет в размещенной службе, и сейчас я развертываю на своем собственном облачном сервере rackspace. Точная версия приложения работает нормально в другом месте, так что проблема заключается в том, как я ее развернул. Это мое первое развертывание на python / django - ранее я настроил десятки сайтов LAMP, так что мое отсутствие знакомства с развертываниями Django явно меня сдерживает.

Приложение отлично работает на моем сервере сDEBUG = TRUE в файле settings.py проекта, но когда я изменяю его на FALSE, интерфейс сайта выдает [500] Internal Server Errors.

Я знаю, что с DEBUG, установленным в OFF, apache теперь обслуживает мои статические файлы через mod_wsgi (mod_wsgi работает нормально), что заставляет меня поверить в «что-то» в моей конфигурации это мешает. Я управлял./manage.py collectstatic команда, которая заполнила/static каталог в/myproject папка.

Я работаю над этим уже несколько недель, читая как можно больше руководств по развертыванию, но пока что не радуюсь. Ваша помощь будет очень ценится.

Вот соответствующие объявления в файле settings.py моего проекта:

############ settings.py #############

SITE_ROOT = os.path.realpath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
MEDIA_ROOT = '/opt/virtual/myproject/static/localtv/media/'
MEDIA_URL = 'http://example.org/static/localtv/media/'
STATIC_ROOT = '/opt/virtual/myproject/static/'
STATIC_URL = 'http://example.org/static/'

А вот и файл wsgi.py:

############# wsgi.py #################
import os
import sys
import site
site.addsitedir('/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages')

apache_configuration= os.path.dirname(__file__)
project = os.path.dirname(apache_configuration)

sys.path.append('/opt/virtual')
sys.path.append('/opt/virtual/myproject')

os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'myproject.settings'

import django.core.handlers.wsgi
application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()

Моя декларация виртуального хоста в httpd.conf выглядит так:

############ virtual host declaration in httpd.conf ##############
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName example.org
ServerAlias www.example.org
DocumentRoot /opt/virtual/myproject

Alias /robots.txt /opt/virtual/myproject/static/robots.txt
Alias /favicon.ico /opt/virtual/myproject/static/favicon.ico

AliasMatch ^/([^/]*\.css) /opt/virtual/myproject/static/styles/$1

Alias /static/ /opt/virtual/myproject/static/
Alias /media/ /opt/virtual/myproject/static/media
Alias /images /opt/virtual/myproject/static/images

<Directory /opt/virtual/myproject/static>
Order deny,allow
Allow from all
</Directory>

<Directory /opt/virtual/myproject/static/media>
Order deny,allow
Allow from all
</Directory>

WSGIDaemonProcess example.org python-path=/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages
WSGIProcessGroup example.org

WSGIScriptAlias / /opt/virtual/myproject/application/wsgi.py

<Directory /opt/virtual/myproject>
<Files wsgi.py>
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Files>
</Directory>

Мой файл .bashrc в / ROOT выглядит так:

########### .bashrc ##################

# User specific aliases and functions

alias rm='rm -i'
alias cp='cp -i'
alias mv='mv -i'

# Source global definitions
if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then
    . /etc/bashrc
fi

# User specific aliases and functions
alias python='/opt/bin/python2.7'

export PYTHONPATH=/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages:$PYTHONPATH

И наконец, мой error_log, показывающий трассировку:

    ############### error_log ###############
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] <WSGIRequest
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] path:/,
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] GET:<QueryDict: {}>,
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] POST:<QueryDict: {}>,
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'DOCUMENT_ROOT': '/opt/virtual/myproject',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'GATEWAY_INTERFACE': 'CGI/1.1',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'HTTP_ACCEPT': "*/*",
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'HTTP_HOST': 'example.org',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'HTTP_USER_AGENT': 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'PATH_INFO': u'/',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'PATH_TRANSLATED': '/opt/virtual/myproject/application/wsgi.py/',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'QUERY_STRING': '',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'REMOTE_ADDR': '99.99.99.99',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'REMOTE_PORT': '99999',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'REQUEST_METHOD': 'GET',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'REQUEST_URI': '/',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'SCRIPT_FILENAME': '/opt/virtual/myproject/application/wsgi.py',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'SCRIPT_NAME': u'',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'SERVER_ADDR': '111.111.111.111',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'SERVER_ADMIN': 'root@localhost',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'SERVER_NAME': 'example.org',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'SERVER_PORT': '80',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'SERVER_PROTOCOL': 'HTTP/1.0',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'SERVER_SIGNATURE': '<address>Apache/2.2.15 (CentOS) Server at example.org Port 80</address>\\n',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'SERVER_SOFTWARE': 'Apache/2.2.15 (CentOS)',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'mod_wsgi.application_group': 'example.org|',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'mod_wsgi.callable_object': 'application',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'mod_wsgi.handler_script': '',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'mod_wsgi.input_chunked': '0',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'mod_wsgi.listener_host': '',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'mod_wsgi.listener_port': '80',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'mod_wsgi.process_group': 'example.org',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'mod_wsgi.request_handler': 'wsgi-script',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'mod_wsgi.script_reloading': '1',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'mod_wsgi.version': (3, 3),
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'wsgi.errors': <mod_wsgi.Log object at 0x7f34321aa530>,
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'wsgi.file_wrapper': <built-in method file_wrapper of mod_wsgi.Adapter object at 0x7f34320e4e40>,
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'wsgi.input': <mod_wsgi.Input object at 0x7f34320e02b0>,
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'wsgi.multiprocess': False,
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'wsgi.multithread': True,
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'wsgi.run_once': False,
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'wsgi.url_scheme': 'http',
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error]  'wsgi.version': (1, 1)}>
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99] mod_wsgi (pid=21520): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/opt/virtual/myproject/application/wsgi.py'.
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99] Traceback (most recent call last):
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 241, in __call__
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     response = self.get_response(request)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 179, in get_response
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     response = self.handle_uncaught_exception(request, resolver, sys.exc_info())
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 228, in handle_uncaught_exception
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     return callback(request, **param_dict)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/decorators.py", line 91, in _wrapped_view
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     response = view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/defaults.py", line 33, in server_error
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     return http.HttpResponseServerError(t.render(Context({})))
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 140, in render
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     return self._render(context)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 134, in _render
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     return self.nodelist.render(context)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 823, in render
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     bit = self.render_node(node, context)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 837, in render_node
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     return node.render(context)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/loader_tags.py", line 123, in render
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     return compiled_parent._render(context)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 134, in _render
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     return self.nodelist.render(context)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 823, in render
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     bit = self.render_node(node, context)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 837, in render_node
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     return node.render(context)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/loader_tags.py", line 62, in render
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     result = block.nodelist.render(context)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 823, in render
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     bit = self.render_node(node, context)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 837, in render_node
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     response = view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/defaults.py", line 33, in server_error
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     return http.HttpResponseServerError(t.render(Context({})))
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 140, in render
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     return self._render(context)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 134, in _render
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     return self.nodelist.render(context)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 823, in render
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     bit = self.render_node(node, context)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 837, in render_node
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     return node.render(context)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/loader_tags.py", line 123, in render
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     return compiled_parent._render(context)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 134, in _render
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     return self.nodelist.render(context)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 823, in render
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     bit = self.render_node(node, context)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 837, in render_node
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     return node.render(context)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/loader_tags.py", line 62, in render
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     result = block.nodelist.render(context)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 823, in render
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     bit = self.render_node(node, context)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 837, in render_node
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     return node.render(context)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/compressor/templatetags/compress.py", line 91, in render
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     rendered_output = compressor.output(self.mode, forced=forced)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/compressor/css.py", line 53, in output
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     ret.append(subnode.output(*args, **kwargs))
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/compressor/css.py", line 55, in output
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     return super(CssCompressor, self).output(*args, **kwargs)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/compressor/base.py", line 221, in output
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     finished_content = self.handle_output(mode, filtered_content, forced)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/compressor/base.py", line 233, in handle_output
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     return output_func(mode, content, forced)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/compressor/base.py", line 245, in output_file
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     self.storage.save(new_filepath, ContentFile(content))
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/files/storage.py", line 45, in save
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     name = self._save(name, content)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/files/storage.py", line 168, in _save
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     os.makedirs(directory)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]   File "/opt/virtual/myapp/lib/python2.7/os.py", line 157, in makedirs
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99]     mkdir(name, mode)
    [Mon Jul 09 09:21:13 2012] [error] [client 99.99.99.99] OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/opt/virtual/myproject/static/CACHE/css'